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Is it possible to detect a single immune cell in action?
Yes, and it is not only possible, but we are already doing it. Thanks to the ELISPOT (Enzyme-Linked ImmunoSpot) technique, today we can visualize and quantify cytokine secretion at the individual cellular level, allowing an extremely precise analysis of the immune system.
What is ELISPOT?
ELISPOT is a laboratory technique designed to detect the production of immune molecules (such as interferon gamma, IFN-γ) by individual cells. This offers a unique perspective on the cellular immune response, especially in chronic viral infections or those difficult to detect by traditional methods.
Unlike other more global immunological methods, ELISPOT provides significantly greater sensitivity by recording cellular events that would otherwise go unnoticed.
Its application is especially valuable in clinical immunology, biomedical research, and vaccine development.
What is it for?
The applications of ELISPOT are multiple, but mainly stand out in:
- Evaluation of specific immune responses against specific pathogens.
- Diagnosis of persistent infections that are difficult to detect, such as those caused by Epstein-Barr (EBV).
- Determination of the level of cellular immunity, useful for monitoring the evolution of diseases, latent infections, or the effectiveness of vaccines.
Clinical Application: EBV and CMV 🧫
At Teletest, we have incorporated this technique into our Cellular Status studies for viruses such as Epstein-Barr (EBV) and Cytomegalovirus (CMV). Thanks to ELISPOT, we can:
✅ Evaluate the patient’s cellular immune response.
✅ Detect immunological activity related to recent or chronic infections.
✅ Provide objective data on the state of the immune system, which can guide diagnosis or clinical monitoring.
Many times, conventional analyses fail to detect latent infections or identify the role of the immune system in chronic diseases. Cellular immunology is key to understanding these processes, and ELISPOT is currently one of the most advanced tools available.
🧪 The ELISPOT technique marks a before and after in immunological diagnosis. Its sensitivity and specificity open a new way to understand how our immune system responds to invisible threats, and allows us to make more informed clinical decisions.
